U.S Army, Sand's Ohio Battery, 1862

U.S. Army Light Artillery Guidon, Sand's 11th Ohio Battery with Battle Honors.
The Howard Michael Madaus sub-collection of Civil War Military Flags was assembled from a variety of sources over a thirty year period of collecting (1970-2000) before being acquired by the Zaricor Collection in 2000. The sub-collection attempts to present an example of each of the major types of depot contractor regulation flags and colors carried by Union forces at the basic unit level, i.e. regiment, battalion, company, and battery, as well as the types of general military flags.

This sub-collection which was added to the Zaricor Civil War collection constitutes the largest and (while not complete) most comprehensive collection of the military flags carried by the Union Army during the Civil War outside of state repositories designated by the War Department for the disposition of these flags after the War, or in public museum collections. In fact this private collection is larger and more comprehensive than many of the public museum collections in the United States.

The silk field is formed in the shape of a swallowtail (25.5 inches from the staff to the cut of the swallowtail) and is composed of two horizontal bars, the top bar red and the bottom bar white, which are joined by hand stitching. Upon the upper, red bar is the inscription: "SANDS' " over "Ohio Battery." in 2 1/2" high upper and lower case gold Roman letters; while on the lower white bar are the battle honors: "NEW MADRID." and " ISLAND 10.", each in 2 1/2" high gold block letters. The flag is attached with a black cotton sleeve, added by the conservator at the time of the flags conservation.

The text on the tag reads: "Light Artillery Battery Guidon Sands' (11th) Ohio Battery". The text on the flag is painted in gold and reads "Battle honors; New Madrid // Island No. 10." This guidon was used by Ohio troops in the western theatre of the American Civil War.

Exhibition History
First Presidio Exhibit, 2003

Second Presidio Exhibit, 2003 - Gallery III
(ZFC0411)
United States Army Light Artillery Guidon Sands 11th Ohio Battery


Publication History:
Woodhead, Henry, Editor, Howard Michael Madaus, Civil War Flag Authority Echoes of Glory: Arms and Equipment of The Union - Flags. Alexandria, Time-Life Books, 1998. P.269.

Madaus, Howard M., Dr, Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict. Santa Cruz: VZ Publications, 2006, p. 80.



Provenance:
• U.S Army, Sand's Ohio Battery, 1862
• Presumably retained by veterans and descent until guidon surfaced at an Ohio gun show.
• Acquired by Paul H. North, Jr. of Columbus, Ohio, until 1971/72.
• Sold to Howard M. Madaus of Cody, Wyoming, until 2000.
• Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection from the Madaus Flag Collection of Cody, WY, in 2000.

Sources:

---

Madaus, Howard M.- Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict, VZ Publications, Santa Cruz, 2006.

Woodhead, Henry, ed., Flags, Echoes of Glory: Arms and Equipment of The Union, New York, Time Life Books, 1998.

US Army Quartermaster General, Flags of the Army of the United States carried during the War of the Rebellion, 1861-1865, to designate the headquarters of the different armies, army corps, divisions and brigades, Washington, D.C., 1887.

Todd, Frederick P., American Military Equipage 1851-1872, Volume 2, Providence, The Company of Military Historians, 1977.

Madaus, Howard M., correspondence to Ben Zaricor, 29 March 2000, Zaricor Flag Collection Archives.

Image Credits:
Zaricor Flag Collection

Hoist & Fly
Width of Hoist	26.5
Length of Fly	38.5

Stripes
Width of Last Stripe	13
Size of Hoist	2

Frame
Is it framed?	yes
Frame Height	33
Frame Length	46

Stars
Are there stars on obverse?	no
Are there stars on reverse?	no

Stripes
Number of Stripes	2
Color of Top Stripe	Red
Color of Bottom Stripe	White
Has a Blood Stripe?	no

Crest/Emblem
Description of Crest/Emblem	Text : "SAND's OHIO Battery" & "New Madrid. Island 10."

Nationality
Nation Represented	United States

Fabric
Fabric	Silk

Stitching
Stitching	Hand

Attachment
Method of Attachment	Sleeve

Applica
Applique Sides	Double Faced = Reads correctly on both sides

Documentation
Documents
Drawings
Research Documents
Public Copy & Signs

Condition
Condition	Good
Damage	Missing parts of flag on top and bottom. Dark stains on top. Shows moderate use.
Displayable	yes

Date
Date	1862

Exhibits

Exhibition Copy

Exhibition History First Presidio Exhibit (ZFC0411) UNITED STATES ARMY LIGHT ARTILLERY GUIDON OF SANDS 11TH OHIO BATTERY OF LIGHT ARTILLERY Date: 1862 Media: Silk, hand stitched, with painted inscriptions Comment: Most of the pre-Civil War artillery was known as foot artillery because they served in garrisons or forts manning their heavy guns. Within each of the four artillery regiments of the army, however, since the War with Mexico, two companies of each regiment had been detailed as light batteries and were equipped as field artillery so as to be able to accompany infantry on campaign. When the American Civil War broke out, the states furnished large numbers of light artillery batteries for the same purpose. Light or field artillery batteries were treated as mounted units since horses drew the guns to and in the field. As such, prior to the War, some of the Regular Army field batteries had equipped themselves with the red over white swallowtail cavalry guidon. Numerous state volunteer batteries formed during the War did so also. Captain Sands 11th Ohio Battery of Volunteer Light Artillery was no exception. In early 1862 they would receive this swallow-tailed guidon with both the unit nickname and two battle honors commemorating the batterys actions along the Mississippi River in March and April of 1862. At Luka in September, Sands Battery would be overrun and decimated. Its guidon, happily, was saved at the time. Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection (ZFC0411) in 2000 from the Madaus Flag Collection of Cody, WY. Second Presidio Exhibit, 2003 - Gallery III (ZFC0411) United States Army Light Artillery Guidon Sands 11th Ohio Battery Date: 1862 Media: Silk, hand-stitched with painted inscriptions Comment: Most of the regular Armys pre-Civil War artillery was known as foot artillery because they served in garrisons or forts manning their heavy guns. However, within each of the four artillery regiments of the Army, beginning with the War with Mexico, two companies per regiment were detailed as light batteries and were equipped as field artillery so as to be able to accompany infantry on campaign. When the American Civil War broke out, the states furnished large numbers of light artillery batteries for the same purpose. Light (or field) artillery batteries were treated as mounted units since horses drew the guns to and in the field. Because of this, prior to the War some of the regular Army field batteries had equipped themselves with the red over white swallowtailed cavalry guidon. Numerous state volunteer batteries formed during the War did so as well. Captain Sands 11th Ohio Battery of Volunteer Light Artillery was no exception. In 1862 they received this swallowtailed guidon bearing both the unit nickname and two battle honors commemorating the batterys actions along the Mississippi River in March and April of 1862. At Iuka in September, Confederate infantry overran and captured Sands Battery. Its guidon, happily, was saved at the time. Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection (ZFC0411) in 2000 from the Madaus Flag Collection of Cody, WY. Publication History: Madaus, Howard M., Dr, Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict. Santa Cruz: VZ Publications, 2006, p. 80. United States Army Light Artillery Guidon Sands 11th Ohio Battery Most of the regular Armys pre-Civil War artillery was known as foot artillery because they served in garrisons or forts manning their heavy guns. However, within each of the four artillery regiments of the Army, beginning with the War with Mexico, two companies per regiment were detailed as light batteries and were equipped as field artillery so as to be able to accompany infantry on campaign. When the American Civil War broke out, the states furnished large numbers of light artillery batteries for the same purpose. Lightor fieldartillery batteries were treated as mounted units since horses drew the guns in the field. Because some of the regular Army field batteries had equipped themselves with the red over white swallowtailed cavalry guidon prior to 1861, many state volunteer batteries formed during the War did so as well. Captain Sands 11th Ohio Battery of Volunteer Light Artillery was no exception. In 1862 they received this swallowtailed guidon bearing both the unit nickname and two battle honors. At Iuka, Mississippi, in September, Confederate infantry overran and captured Sands Battery. This guidon, happily, was saved at the time. Date: 1862 Size: 26.5" hoist x 38.5" fly Media: Silk, hand-stitched with painted inscriptions Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection in 2000 from the Madaus Flag Collection of Cody, WY. ZFC0411

Publications
Publication Copy	Woodhead, Henry, Editor, Howard Michael Madaus, Civil War Flag Authority Echoes of Glory: Arms and Equipment of The Union - Flags. Alexandria, Time-Life Books, 1998. P.269. Madaus, Howard M., Dr, Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict. Santa Cruz: VZ Publications, 2006, p. 80.
Publication Images	Cover Frontispiece datail F P. 242 P. 243 P. 244 P. 245 P. 261 P. 269 P. 289 P. 290 P. 291