Exhibits Title information is available upon specific request. Additional information available upon request to researchers, writers and others demonstrating special circumstances. In some situations, information may not be available.

Exhibition Copy

First Presidio Exhibit (ZFC0180) 7-Star Confederate National Flag (The Stars And Bars) Date: 1861 Medium: Cotton; hand-stitched Comment: Between December 1860 and February 1861, seven slave states South Carolina, followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas took formal actions to withdraw from the Union. In February 1861 delegates from those states met in Montgomery, Alabama, and formed a new nation the Confederate States of America. On March 5, 1861, the committee that the Provisional Congress had established to consider a new national flag delivered its report on the designs that they had reviewed. The committee decided in favor of one remarkably similar to the flag of the United States. It featured three horizontal bars of red-white-red instead of 13 red and white stripes and a blue canton incorporating a circle of stars, one for each state of the new confederation. That design, submitted by Nichola Marschall of Alabama, combined the background from the national flag of Austria with a union patterned after the one borne by the Stars and Stripes. The design of this new Stars and Bars was the ultimate exclusionary flag. Moreover, the committee report was intentionally back-dated to March 4th, Lincoln's inaugural day. Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection (ZFC0180) in 1996 from the Star-Spangled Banner Flag House Collection of Baltimore, MD. The exhibition text was written by Howard Michael Madaus, Exhibition Director of the ZFC's Flag Center, utilizing Zaricor Flag Collection archives. Second Presidio Exhibit, 2003 Gallery III (ZFC0180) 7-Star Confederate National Flag (The Stars and Bars) Date: 1861 7 Stars: March 4, 1861-May 7, 1861 (Confederacy founded February 22, 1861, by South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas) Medium: Cotton; hand-stitched Comment: Between December 1860 and February 1861, seven slave states of the South took formal actions to withdraw from the Union. In February 1861 delegates from those states met in Montgomery, Alabama, and formed a new nation,the Confederate States of America. On March 4, 1861, the committee that the Provisional Congress had established to consider a new national flag delivered its report on the designs that they had reviewed. The committee decided in favor of one remarkably similar to the flag of the United States. It featured three horizontal bars of red-white-red instead of 13 red and white stripes and a blue canton incorporating a circle of stars, one for each state of the new confederation. That design, submitted by Nichola Marschall of Alabama, combined the background from the national flag of Austria with a union patterned after the one borne by the Stars and Stripes. The design of this new Stars and Bars was the ultimate exclusionary flag. Eventually 13 stars were added to the union of the Confederate Stars and Bars. In May 1863 the Confederate Congress adopted a new flag, the Stars and Bars having often been confused for the Stars and Stripes. Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection (ZFC0180) in 1996 from the Star-Spangled Banner Flag House Collection of Baltimore, MD. The exhibition text was written by Howard Michael Madaus, Exhibition Director of the ZFC's Flag Center, utilizing Zaricor Flag Collection archives.

Publications Title information is available upon specific request. Additional information available upon request to researchers, writers and others demonstrating special circumstances. In some situations, information may not be available.

Publication Copy

Madaus, Howard M., Dr, Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict. Santa Cruz: VZ Publications, 2006, p. 66. 7-Star Confederate National Flag (The Stars & Bars) Between December 1860 and February 1861, seven slave states of the South took formal actions to withdraw from the Union. In February 1861 delegates from those states met in Montgomery, Alabama, and formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America. On March 4, 1861, the committee that the Provisional Congress had established to consider a new national flag delivered its report on the designs that they had reviewed. The committee decided in favor of one remarkably similar to the flag of the United States. It featured three horizontal bars of red-white-red instead of 13 red and white stripes and a blue canton incorporating a circle of stars, one for each state of the new confederation. That design was submitted by Nicola Marschall of Alabama. This new Stars & Bars was the ultimate exclusionary flag. Eventually the stars grew to a total of 13 in the union of the Confederate Stars & Bars. In May 1863 the Confederate Congress adopted a new flag, the Stars & Bars having often been confused for the Stars & Stripes. Former U.S. Senator and Secretary of the War, Jefferson Davis, was the first and only president of the Confederate States of America. Date: 1861 Size: 23.5" hoist x 40.5" fly 7 Stars: March 4, 1861 May 7, 1861 (Confederacy founded February 22, 1861, by South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas) Medium: Cotton; hand-stitched Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection in 1996 from the Star-Spangled Banner Flag House Collection of Baltimore, MD. ZFC0180

Title information is available upon specific request. Additional information available upon request to researchers, writers and others demonstrating special circumstances. In some situations, information may not be available.